学术论文写作时态

慕风2025-05-262025-06-01

论文各章节常用时态指南（含“提出新结构/算法”的情况）

时态：通常省略动词，使用名词短语
✅ 示例：

A New Joint Design for Precast Concrete Frames
Deep Learning-Based Algorithm for BIM–Reality Registration

主要时态：
- 一般现在时（描述本文内容，特别是“本文提出…”）✅
  - “This paper proposes a new joint design …”
  - “We present a registration algorithm based on …”
- 一般过去时（具体实验做法或测试过程）
  - “We tested the node under cyclic loading.”
🔍 如果你在摘要中声明创新点或贡献：使用现在时
✅ 示例段落：

This paper proposes a novel steel–concrete joint for precast systems. A full-scale test was conducted to verify its seismic performance. Results show that the joint significantly improves ductility.

主要时态：
- 一般现在时：
  - 用于说明背景、动机、重要性
  - 用于明确论文贡献（即“本文提出…”）✅
  - 示例：
    - “BIM–reality alignment is vital for construction accuracy.”
    - “In this study, we propose a new algorithm …” ✅
- 一般现在时：评价文献“观点”、“结论”
  - “Smith (2020) argues that …”
- 现在完成时：强调文献发展脉络
  - “Researchers have explored multi‐sensor fusion since 2015.”
✅ 论文自己的创新点（提出新结构、算法）→用现在时！
✅ 示例句：

In this paper, we propose a deep learning–based algorithm for point-cloud to BIM registration. Compared with existing methods, the algorithm offers higher precision and lower computational cost.

主要时态：
- 一般过去时：
  - 描述实验、建模、测试流程
  - 示例：
    - “The node was cast using HRB400 steel.”
    - “We implemented the algorithm in Python.”
- 一般现在时：
  - 对于算法、流程图、方程的构造描述本身，可以用现在时
  - 示例：
    - “The model consists of three modules.”
❗ 新提出的结构或算法逻辑描述（如模块设计）可用现在时，但步骤执行仍用过去时
✅ 示例：

The proposed algorithm includes a feature extraction module, a coarse registration stage, and a refinement process. We trained the model using synthetic point clouds.

主要时态：
- 过去时：
  - 实验或仿真数据呈现（例如算法性能、节点承载力）
  - “The proposed node withstood a drift of 2.5%.”
- 现在时：
  - 图表、趋势、对比描述
  - “Figure 4 shows the displacement pattern.”

主要时态：
- 现在时：
  - 对结果的解释、对比、影响、贡献的讨论
  - “These results indicate that the joint enhances energy dissipation.”
  - “The algorithm performs better than traditional ICP.”
- 过去时：
  - 回顾本文具体观察或实验行为
  - “We observed early yielding in Specimen B.”